Escutcheon is an old English word commonly used for a shield that was employed by warriors for protection to the arms of the enemy. This is a term usually designated by heraldry often otherwise stated as crest.
This shield-like shape has the design of arms borne on it. Inside the larger escutcheon was the smaller one called the inescutcheon. Commonly used by knights in battlefield the usage of this device for women could be worn upon a lozenge that is a diamond-shape, whereas in regard to clergymen it was oval termed as cartouche.
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Escutcheon also may refer to a protective plate surrounding a drawer pull, keyhole, light switch, etc.
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